
In phonology, minimal pairs are pairs of words or phrases in a particular language, which differ in only one phonological element, such as a phoneme, toneme or chroneme and have distinct meanings. They are used to demonstrate that two phones constitute two separate phonemes in the language. Many phonologists in the middle part of the 20th century ...
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minimal_pair

Also called contrastive pairs, these are two words that differ by only a single sound, such as gin-p
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http://www.encyclo.co.uk/local/22385

Any two words which are only distinguished by different sounds in a single position. Such word pairs are used in traditional phonology to determine the status of sounds as phonemes, e.g. German Kunst # Gunst and English railing # sailing which show that the initial sounds in all these words are phonemes in the respective languages. Note that the sp...
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https://www.uni-due.de/ELE/LinguisticGlossary.html
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